Our History

- 1800s
- 1940s
- 1950s
- 1960s
- 1970s
- 1980s
- 1990s
- 2000s
- 2010s
- 2020s
1800
1800
BWT planted it’s roots during a time of innovation and novelty, an era hailed as one of the fascinating chapters in recent UK history.
The place that made a mark the world over and become the first industrial city was none other than Manchester.
Textiles and the cotton industry were the driving force behind this evolution and it was 1836 when James William Baxter established our company, initially as a manufacturer’s agency dealing in cotton goods.
1900’s
BWT planted its roots during a time of innovation and novelty, an era hailed as one of the most fascinating chapters in recent UK history. BWT, or Baxter’s as it was called then, was founded in the midst of the industrial revolution. The place that made a mark the world over and became the first industrial city was none other than Manchester. Textiles and the cotton industry were the driving force behind this evolution and it was 1836 when James William Baxter established our company, initially as a manufacturer’s agency dealing in cotton goods.
As the company was going from strength to strength, by 1887 it was joined by another two senior members, Robert Woodhouse and John Taylor (pictured). The firm was thus renamed and has since been known as Baxter, Woodhouse & Taylor. Thanks to their collective efforts, BWT achieved a prominent reputation as a specialist in cloth linings for every conceivable purpose, ranging from hats and shoes, to camera bellows and overcoats.
1887
As the company was going from strength to strength, by 1887 it was joined by two senior members, Robert Woodhouse and John Taylor.
1940
1940
The second world war was transformative for BWT – similar to many other industries during wartime – and it inevitably paved the way for our pioneering work in aerospace.
On Christmas Eve 1940, Manchester had its first heavy air raid but BWT fortuitously only suffered minor damage.
The next day however, the bombers came back again and this time very frequently were as lucky; not only was a large part of Manchester destroyed, BWT’s headquarters were totally ruined. The warehouse, the equipment and the century-old company archive were completely burned down – only two walls were left standing.
1940’s
The Second World War was transformative for BWT – similar to many other industries during wartime – and it inevitably paved the way for our pioneering work in aerospace.
On Christmas Eve 1940, Manchester had its first heavy air raid but BWT fortuitously only suffered minor damage. The next day however, the bombers came back again and this time very few were as lucky: not only was a large part of Manchester destroyed, BWT’s headquarters were totally ruined. The warehouse, the equipment and the century-old company archive were completely burned down – only two walls were left standing.
By March 1941, the company relocated to its new premises in Booth’s Silk Mill, next to Poynton Railway Station. Eric Taylor, managing director and direct descendant of founder John Taylor, secured an agreement with the Air Ministry who required the manufacture of specialized equipment for the aviation industry. This is what led to the development of our heated Windak flying suit.
The suit was specifically developed for high altitude flying for RAF air gunners who were unable to wear lifejackets in confined spaces such as gun turrets. The flying suit, still celebrated today, featured the Windak electro thermal heating system and spawned several other original products further down the line.
BWT’s team of engineers also developed immersion suits. The Royal Navy needed heated and waterproof suits to protect sailors from hypothermia and various other extreme weather conditions. Another BWT invention was a heated casualty bag that could be restyled as a stretcher, an item widely adopted by the United States Air Force Bomber Command.
In 1947 Baxter Woodhouse & Taylor moved to the Woodside factory in Poynton. By then, BWT had progressed to an esteemed manufacturer of complex equipment for aircraft and industrial applications. Our range of products were sold under the Windak trademark, and among the range of products that were subsequently introduced were electric blankets, electro-thermal gloves and waterproof jackets.
1947
In 1947 Baxter Woodhouse and Taylor moved to the Woodside Factory in Poynton. By then, BWT had progressed to an esteemed manufacturer of complex equipment for aircraft and industrial applications.
1950
1950
By the 1950s, the company had already established itself in a variety of applications and was actually rather successful with every venture and business idea it had in its arsenal.
Linings, clothing, flying suits, waterproof livery – anything to do with protection, padding, cushioning, coating and insulation was BWT’s core expertise. It was inevitable that the company would start producing items for aircraft and soon enough, BWT was manufacturing highly effective, secure and innovative insulation panels, electrical heater mats, lightweight ducting and other products for the aerospace industry.
1950’s
By the 1950s, the company had already established itself in a variety of applications and was actually rather successful with every venture and business idea it had in its arsenal: linings, clothing, flying suits, waterproof livery – anything to do with protection, padding, cushioning, coating and insulation was BWT’s core expertise. It was inevitable that the company would start producing items for aircraft and soon enough, BWT was manufacturing highly effective, secure and innovative insulation panels, electrical heater mats, lightweight ducting and other products for the aerospace industry.
As our increasing expertise coincided with the ‘Golden Age of Air Travel’ of the ‘50s and ‘60s, BWT was coming up triumphant within the UK business territory. Aerospace would become the core of our business by the mid ‘50s and thus the production of garments was ceased. The focus was now squarely on the future of aerospace and how best to serve it. One of the main protagonists of the time – and for several decades later – was Arthur Dudley, also known as AD, a BWT engineer and the brains behind several innovations for the aircraft industry.
One of the first things he pioneered was a de-icing device, using a wire element wrapped around an Araldite-type resin core, encapsulated with the same resin with screwed brass rods used as connectors. Next, he developed large plates for foot warmers and curved shapes for fitting around oil-reservoir tanks for hydraulic gear. AD became a familiar figure in the design sections of all the aircraft manufacturers and eventually manufacturers would come to him to solve their problems. One of his biggest achievements was the production of light-weight ducting, adopted widely within the aerospace industry.
It is worth mentioning that what sets BWT apart is its unique manufacturing process: we use thermoplastic rather than thermoset technology which allows our products to be lighter, more durable and more flexible, while also offering fire retardant properties. The engineer to whom BWT and the entire aerospace industry owes this capability to is Arthur Dudley. This thermoplastic process has rightfully since been known as Plastics Dudley or PD.
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As our increasing expertise coincided with the ‘Golden Age of Air Travel’ of the ‘50s and ‘60s, BWT was coming up triumphant within the UK business territory.
1960
1960
The 1960s was another transformative decade for BWT. Our company had already joined the Society of British Aircraft Companies (SBAC) in the late ‘50s and had started exhibiting products at the Farnborough Air Show.
A major turning point that propelled our growth, expansion and popularity way forward.
Under the stewardship of Eric Taylor, BWT became further involved in the development of a full pressure suit and helmet for high altitude flying. Based upon a design by R E Simpson, this pressure suite was being made for experimental purposes at the RAE using the Windak technology..
1960’s
The 1960s was another transformative decade for BWT. Our company had already joined the Society of British Aircraft Companies (SBAC) in the late ‘50s and had started exhibiting products at the Farnborough Air Show – a major turning point that propelled our growth, expansion and popularity way forward.
Under the stewardship of Eric Taylor, BWT became further involved in the development of a full pressure suit and helmet for high altitude flying. Based upon a design by R E Simpson, this pressure suite was being made for experimental purposes at the RAE using the Windak technology. Work continued over a period of three to four years and what was eventually developed was a pressure suit with articulated arms using metal rings at the shoulders, elbows and wrists. The rings were able to turn within their own circumference but remain completely airtight. This design incorporated an anti ‘G’ corsellette and a sealed helmet.
Thanks to this invention we added another feather in our proverbial cap, because although as a pressure suit it was never put into production, the innovative joints were given to the US space agency for use in their space exploration programme. At the same time, BWT continued exploring its capabilities in insulation and expanded its portfolio of insulation products for commercial aeroplanes.
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In 1947 Baxter Woodhouse and Taylor moved to the Woodside Factory in Poynton. By then, BWT had progressed to an esteemed manufacturer of complex equipment for aircraft and industrial applications.
1970
1970
Tides were turning in the 1970s. Following the previous decades’ aerospace boom then came a period of recession, therefore the ‘Star Wars’ era saw the termination of various older projects but also the introduction of exciting new technologies.
The discontinuation of the Windak electric blanket, a product that was insofar considered one of BWT’s most popular – perhaps even iconic – marked the end of an era for our company. However, in line with the technological advances that were taking place during the time, BWT further developed its range of aircraft technologies.
1970’s
Tides were turning in the 1970s. Following the previous decades’ aerospace boom then came a period of recession, therefore the ‘Star Wars’ era saw the termination of various older projects but also the introduction of exciting new technologies.
The discontinuation of the Windak electric blanket, a product that was insofar considered one of BWT’s most popular – perhaps even iconic – marked the end of an era for our company. However, in line with the technological advances that were taking place during the time, BWT further developed its range of aircraft technologies.
Much of the work was spearheaded by Arthur Dudley who developed and perfected the following technologies:
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The introduction of side-wall ducting. It consisted of shaped sections of compressed fibreglass, with appropriate fixing holes in the sides instead of the fibreglass packages that were normally used for insulation. This type of ducting was so effective that, decades later, when certain fleets who had used it were uncovered during refurbishment, they found that the ducting was in excellent condition.
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Fibre glass canopies were made to fit in the cockpit roof of all the Trident aircraft. The mouldings were extremely intricate in order to ensure a good fit into the ribbed metalwork of the plane and leave sufficient space for essential gear – but BWT managed to do it.
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A light-weight tubing called Punka louvre ducting. This new type of ducting was used to carry cold air along each side of an aircraft to outlets above each passenger’s seat. The tubing was made from glass cloth coated with a sealing fluid, either brushed or sprayed on the tubing, to give it rigidity.
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As our increasing expertise coincided with the ‘Golden Age of Air Travel’ of the ‘50s and ‘60s, BWT was coming up triumphant within the UK business territory.
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1980
1980
The global airline industry was vastly different in the 1980s from what it is today.
There was a variety of fleets, passengers had more allowances (including smoking), you could carry bottles of liquids on board and a dress code was required from first class ticket holders – suffice to say it was a very different era for air travel, heavily defined by speed, affluence and largesse.
For BWT however, it was business as usual. From our new facilities in Adlington, our local, dutiful, hard-working UK team kept on honing its skills, streamlining its processes, perfecting its range of products and coming up with newer and better solutions for ducting systems.
1980’s
The global airline industry was vastly different in the 1980s from what it is today. There was a variety of fleets, passengers had more allowances (including smoking), you could carry bottles of liquids on board and a dress code was required from first class ticket holders – suffice to say it was a very different era for air travel, heavily defined by speed, affluence and largesse.
For BWT however, it was business as usual. From our new facilities in Adlington, our local, dutiful, hard-working UK team kept on honing its skills, streamlining its processes, perfecting its range of products and coming up with newer and better solutions for ducting systems. In the ‘80s, BWT was consistently receiving more and more orders from all the big aerospace companies so by end of the decade it had sold off its linings business to focus solely on air ducts.
As always, our vigorous interest in new technologies and latest product developments remained intact, and, although we kept on predominantly supplying the aircraft industry with ducting systems, we also got involved in an array of one-off specialist projects, including things as diverse as medical, motorsport and Richard Branson’s hot air ballooning exploits.
We also had a brief fling with stardom: our famous Windak heated flying suit made an appearance in Star Wars, as worn by bounty hunter Bossk in ‘The Empire Strikes Back’ (1980). This was our second film appearance, as our pressure suits and helmets were worn by the actors in the H G Wells classic science fiction film ‘First Men in the Moon’ (1964).
1980
Our famous Windak heated flying suit made an appearance in Star Wars, as worn by bounty hunter Bossk in ‘The Empire Strikes Back’.
1990
1990
During the 1990s BWT further stepped up its game. By 1992, our company had received the Queen’s Award for Export
(nowadays known as Queen’s Awards for Enterprise), an awards programme for British businesses who excel in technological innovation and international trade.
In 1996, our company changed hands and was sold to Cork Industries.
1990’s
During the 1990s BWT further stepped up its game. By 1992, our company had received the Queen’s Award for Export (nowadays known as Queen’s Awards for Enterprise), an awards programme for British businesses who excel in technological innovation and international trade.
In 1996, our company changed hands and was sold to Cork Industries. According to the Manchester Evening Gazette from May 29, 1996, the company’s new Chairman Stephen Wearing, stated: “The transaction required considerable co-ordination, given the large number of family shareholders. The company can now look forward to a period of continued growth”.
Indeed, up to then, the company had been owned and successfully managed by John Taylor’s heirs (the “T” in BWT). This transaction, however, helped the company expand and grow even more, as soon the company would count over 300 employees and a turnover of £9m.
A bit before of the dawn of the new century, our company took another turn for the better. In 1999, Cork Industries sold their aerospace ducting division to Senior plc, our parent company to this day, thus proudly becoming known as Senior Aerospace BWT, finding its final permanent home.
Despite the company’s various moves, shake ups and transformations, it is pleasing to record that BWT have always had a solid reputation throughout the industry for supplying 80% of the world’s aircraft and for always meeting delivery promises. Therefore the 1990s saw us developing and manufacturing ducting and side-wall insulation for all the major aeroplane brands: SAAB of Sweden, Fokker in the Netherlands, the refurbishment of the British Airways and Air France Concorde fleet, as well as collaboration with many other major companies such as Boeing, Beech Aircraft and Canadair.
1999
In 1999, Cork Industries sold their aerospace ducting division to Senior plc, our parent company to this day, thus proudly becoming known as Senior Aerospace BWT.
2000
2000
In April 2002, BWT relocated to a new 85,000 ft2 purpose-built facility in Adlington, Macclesfield.
Since then, our company has kept on evolving and innovating to nowadays be considered an industry-leading company in designing and manufacturing aerospace air distribution systems.
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In 1947 Baxter Woodhouse and Taylor moved to the Woodside Factory in Poynton. By then, BWT had progressed to an esteemed manufacturer of complex equipment for aircraft and industrial applications.
2010
2010
In February 2013, Senior plc acquired Atlas Composites, one of the UK’s most accredited and trusted composite manufacturers, leading the way in design and manufacture of composite components and tooling for aerospace, defence and motor sport.
By 2016, BWT was a beneficiary of the UK government’s ‘Sharing in Growth’ Business Transformation programme with a focus on new automated manufacturing techniques, lean production, removal of waste, increased efficiency and lower end cost to the customer.
2016
By 2016, Atlas Composites were integrated into the BWT team further helping the growth of our presence and financial strength, while also providing a strong platform for future growth.
2020
2020
2020 is the year that no one will forget but it’s also the year when BWT, in response to the critical shortage of PPE for front line workers in the UK, used their capability in additive processes to produce full face visors..
..for local NHS hospitals, surgeries, care homes and local police forces, all free of charge.
Also, following customer demand (and as a throwback to our retail history), we also launched a new online shop, Baxter Collection, which featured a range of visors and face masks for commercial use.
2020’s
2020 is the year that no one will forget but it’s also the year when BWT, in response to the critical shortage of PPE for front line workers in the UK, used their capability in additive processes to produce full face visors for local NHS hospitals, surgeries, care homes and local police forces, all free of charge. Also, following customer demand (and as a throwback to our retail history), we also launched a new online shop, Baxter Collection, which featured a range of visors and face masks for commercial use.
2021 started with much more of a bang. In January 2021, we launched our new Additive Manufacturing facilities after five years of preparation. Our technology level is now at Technology Readiness Level 9 (full production), in a dedicated, environmentally controlled production cell. Combined with the capabilities throughout our company, Senior Aerospace BWT is firmly placed to further expand its engineering future.
2021
In January 2021, we launched our new Additive Manufacturing facilities after five years of preparation.